Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be obtained from potentially any tissue from the human body,\nbut cells purified from different sources are undoubtedly different, and for each medical application, the MSC with\nthe best regenerative potential should be chosen.\nResults: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal\ncells (AT-MSC) and Wharton�s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSC) were isolated from human tissues\nand were cultured under differentiation media supplemented with fetal bovine serum. We quantified the expression\nof stem cell and adipocyte genetic markers using quantitative real time PCR, as well as the secretion of cytokines,\nextracellular matrix components and growth factors using Luminex and ELISA. All three MSC differentiated into adipogenic\ncells. AT-MSC showed the highest shift in ADIPOQ, CEBPA and PPARG mRNA expression. BM-MSC kept high\nexpression levels of stem-cell markers SOX2 and POU5F1. WJ-MSC showed the lowest increase in mRNA expression\nwhen cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes. Regarding protein secretion, adipocyte-like cells generated\nfrom WJ-MSC secreted the highest chemokine levels. AT-MSC-derived adipocyte-like cells secreted the lowest cytokine\namounts and the highest quantity of collagen types I and III. Adipocyte-like cells obtained from BM-MSC secreted\nhigh amounts of most angiogenic factors, growth factors TGF-?1 and TGF-?2, collagens type II and IV,\nheparan sulfate, laminin and aggrecan.\nConclusion: Mesenchymal stromal cells purified from different tissues have a different behavior when induced to\ndifferentiate into adipocyte-like cells.
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